What type of testing utilizes sound waves to detect defects in materials?

Ultrasonic testing is a method that uses high-frequency sound waves to detect flaws or defects in materials. This non-destructive testing technique involves sending sound waves into the material being tested. If there are any imperfections, such as cracks or voids, the sound waves will reflect differently compared to those that pass through undisturbed areas. By measuring the time it takes for the echo to return, technicians can determine the location and size of the flaws.

This method is particularly effective for examining metal components and welds, making it a preferred choice in aviation and other industries where structural integrity is critical. Unlike radiographic testing, which uses radiation, ultrasonic testing is safer for operators and the environment. Additionally, it provides more precise information about internal defects compared to magnetic particle or liquid penetrant testing, which are more suitable for surface flaws.