Which program was established for effective management of item configuration requirements?

The establishment of the Configuration Management program is essential for ensuring that item configuration requirements are effectively managed throughout the lifecycle of a product or system. This program provides a structured approach to maintain the integrity of product designs and ensure that all changes are documented, tracked, and communicated to relevant stakeholders. This is critical in environments where complex systems and components must work together seamlessly.

Configuration Management encompasses various activities, including identifying and controlling changes to hardware and software components, managing documentation, and ensuring that all modifications align with the established requirements. Its primary goals include minimizing risks related to configuration changes and maintaining operational readiness by ensuring that all components are correctly configured according to specifications.

In contrast, the other programs listed focus on different aspects of operational effectiveness, such as resource management and support logistics, rather than on the specific requirements of item configuration management. Therefore, the selection of Configuration Management as the answer highlights its pivotal role in maintaining the fidelity and functionality of aviation systems.